SUNDAY’S SERVICE (“Native First Peoples”)  July 18, 2010   

                                                            by Pete Lenz                                                        

Opening Prayer

Remember us after we are gone.

Don’t forget us.

Conjure up our faces and our words.

Our image will be as a tear

in the hearts of those

who want to remember us.

                        “Popul Vuh” mid 1500s

Doug’s solos

 

In this part of Maine, what we call the Western Foothills, or ingloriously the Oxford Hills, the various sub-tribes and bands of Indians included the Passaconaways, here in the Oxford Hills area; the Pigwackets (a bit to the west at today’s Fryeburg) and the Annasagunticook, or Amoscoggins, (a bit to the East of us here with their matrix at today’s Auburn)... and the Rockameekos (a bit north east at today’s Canton, Jay, and Rumford.  Due north, at today’s Bethel – formerly called Sudbury Canada - they could be called St. Francis River and/or Odonok Abenaki.  To include first peoples up to New Brunswick and down to Massachusetts the Indian’s own term of this larger Maine area was Mawooshen.

 

I’ve written 11 documentary books on Native Americans – (Indians) 6 or 7 of which have dealt with the Mawooshen (or Maine & Southern Maritime Provinces area).  Obviously I can’t “cover” everything I’d like in these few minutes.

 

The sub tribes and native bands that didn’t have villages and encampments here in the Oxford Hills area nonetheless traveled through the area constantly, on trails and waterways.  An Indian trail is still extant and quite apparent at the base of Paris Hill; it follows the Little Androscoggin, heading down to the sea for summer camping and fishing, stopping here for crop growing, and, to the north country for homebases & winter living and hunting. 

   I have traveled authentic Indian trails in the Waterfords as well where an elderly friend of mine there found an Indian tool while swimming in Bear Pond.  I have traipsed about where the Pike’s hill Indian cornfields were and their historic corn-grinding mill existed...now doubted by pseudo experts because in was formed as a glacial pothole.. 

 

Norway Lake (or Pennesseewassee) holds on its shores the archaeological remains of at least 2 dozen encampments.  Near one I found a ceremonial rock formation.  I’ve seen native pictographs (rock paintings in the Virginia Lake area) AND SEEN A LARGE PART OF THE 9,000 YEAR OLD ARTIFACT COLLECTION EXCAVATED BY RODNEY KIMBAL ON THE WEST SHORE OF BEAR POND.

 

And Walmart- in its excavation for the superstore on rt. 26, Oxford, discovered a massive village site 11,00 years old full of artifacts.  They paid some money to the state, called in the state archaeologist, and went ahead and built right over it just the same...giving new meaning to Bert and I great quip: ‘Dont’cha move---a Goddamn inch!!!!’

 

I’ve learned that what ended up being a tremendously tragic history, for both the first, original peoples (and us), because of the world we have destroyed and lost) and the outcome. It did not need to be so!

 

    Indeed the first years of White --Indian encounter were often both pleasant and advantageous for both groups.  Tremendous praise and appreciation was heaped on these First People, their life-ways, and culture, and humanity and it was fully depicted and documented.  [Even by some who were at the ready to kill, enslave and exploit them.]  From one of these who wished for the best for the First Peoples we’ll chose our first reading:

 

1st reading

-    Marc Lescarbot priest/scholar/traveler (1606 voyage) with Samuel de Champlain:

-    They found Indian navigational pilots;  he expressed profound appreciation of native lifestyle and culture and, his words,  “celebrates diversity” (reading from the Lescarbot’s words with the Champlain voyage to the Maine coast.

 

         “Almighty God, in the creation of this world hath

            so much delighted Himself in DIVERSITY!

But the wonder that far exceedeth all others is . . . that in man, more variety is found than in other things created.  As for man’s face, two shall not be found who in every respect resemble one another . . . But in manners and customs of life, the difference is especially marvelous.

   It’s wrong to call them barbarous, for one thing they love their children more that we Europeans love ours.

   We must celebrate this diversity and always exhibit acceptance and tolerance.

   “It is important for native people to survive and multiply”:

    They believe the Creator made women first.

    Their sexuality is based on pleasing women!; they practice a probationary marriage period, “the functions of Venus (ie. their love and sex lives) lack of jealousy and possessiveness;

    The word “Savage” is abusive and unmerited for they are anything but that!;

    “The earth never deceives us, if we cherish her in good earnest.  As a promise made by God they shall possess the land as a certain heritage that cannot perish.” 

    “These tribes are exceeding happy without European excesses and corruptions;

   “They believe there is something in nature which governs this world of ours.”

    They share goods and possessions in common and give-to, and help, one another, according to need.

   “We can learn much from these peoples for wealthy Europeans of conspicuous consumption are blood-suckers of the poor!”

[yes, these are his actual words from 1606!]

 

 

HERE CLAIR’S DIGGERSThe natives gave according to ability, received according to need!.  Did they inspire others the world over– early bible- communist Christians, the Diggers??????,  Marx ???  

CLAIR SONG she will introduce it

 

2nd prayer[s], Zuni

 

                  May your way be fulfilled.

May you be blessed with life

Where the life-giving way

Of your Sun Father shines

May your way be reached.

 

                  We need to help people go back to a

Collective broken place and

Begin to heal themselvesWilma Mankiller

 

More examples of contact, praise, (but occasional Euro-white depredation)

 

-       Giovanni Verrazanno (1524) praises Eastern Seaboard Indians as “noble” – “ancient Greek-like” “educated, robed, wise, worldly”  - his men joyfully give natives gifts but then to show some off back in Europe, capture a few to take back, including a dragged and screaming young pregnant woman.

 

-      1534--1540 Jacques Cartier’s men deathly ill along the St. Lawrence Riverway.  Cured of scurvy with pine bark extract & grape seed extract; They were amazed and marveled at state of high civilization.

 

-      David Ingram & companion) 1568-9 kept alive and fed by Original Peoples all across the eastern half of the current U. S. in returned, they performed surgery on a few natives & saved their lives.

 

-      Bartholomew Gosnold  (in 1602) encountered skilled Abenaki sailors – “huge cries and shouts of joy unto us – exceeding courteous, gentle of disposition-

    we became very great friends.”

 

-      Samuel de Champlain (1603) description cross cultural diversity appreciation; “red men and white men have commonality, common origin – “everyone prayed in his heart as he thought good” – “here began that lasting friendship” –  gave spit stickers to joyous Indians, pasting them to their foreheads; “engaged in eco-gardening and companion planting” – “the woman decides and chooses in courtship and marriage” – they come first –[but] four natives kidnapped to be taken to France!

 

- Captain Weymouth & navigator/chronicler, James Rossier (1605) exploratory voyage up the Penobscot River.  Here his sailors and Indians are wonderful towards each other (pajama party sleepovers, song swaps etc.); “Indians love their children tenderly;  they take us by the hands; they represent beauty and goodness; they ravished us with pleasantness”; but Captain and first mate & other officers kidnapped 5, to the protest of the sailors who resist, and are put in chains.

-         Sir George Popham & Raleigh Gilbert, start the first English colony (mostly convicts)  “They embraced us and we them”; “we would in no way offend them”, “the goodness of the land and peoples can hardly be expressed,” “Natives attempted to insure non-violence of Englishmen”;

   Later reports of deteriorating relations, cruel jokes and aggressions perpetrated by the English colonists such as planting a dynamite charge amongst the Indians during a tug-of-war contest with the English.

 

-      Capt. John Smith (1614) exploring the NE coast, including Casco Bay.  An Imperial Voice: the “selling of America” to capitalist speculators and profiteers; “Hawk and selling both “the democratic ideal, along with the land”.  “Bring them all into subjection – “Easy here to profit and bring Christ and humanity to the Indians.”   

One of his captains, - Capt. Hunt, in a separate ship - broke away from the others, captured 69 island Indians at Monhegan Island and took them to Spain to sell as slaves. There, monks in a monastery bought them “to save their souls” but some of the Mawooshen/Maine people escaped again to be free of all of that.

 

- Christopher Levett (1623 Casco Bay set up on Hog (Peakes Island) visited and stayed as honored guest with the Acocisco’s (Casco’s) and sachem Skittergusset, and welcomed many of them to come and stay at his home on Peakes, which they did.  Huge praise for natives and their ways and integrity.

 

-         Pilgrim women help dying native smallpox victims in 1638.  Many thus recover.

 

-      MANY OTHERS we don’t have time for:  Wood, Thomas Morton (Maypole Man), Roger Williams; Daniel Gookin; Fr. Cretian LeClercq; John Josselyn, New Eng. Rarities, Fr. Sebastian Rale; Fr. Pierre Biard .........

 

 

Beliefs – Philosophical - Spiritualthat we have learned

 

all Indigenous peoples, believed that “The Earth was alive, usually taking the form of a mother.  They also believed - and many Europeans before 1600 believed also – the planet to be a living organism full of life giving powers but also wrathful tempers.  There were, therefore, strong taboos against actions that would deform and desecrate “the Mother,” …including mining. 

    The universe was seen as a communion of subjects, not a collection of objects.

 

    The Universe is a single sacred community and there’s no way the human can be fulfilled apart from the natural world.

   The planet is primary, the human is derivative…in other words for example the first purpose of medicine is not to serve the human but instead it must be to take care of the health of the planet, because if the planet is not healthy, humans can’t be healthy.

 

   Indian Chickasaw poet & essayist Linda Hogan says that the “Native belief system was and is at its base respect for the land and reverence for life and that’s the basic thing people need to have in common.  That’s where it all begins to heal.”

 

By the time of the Bible a personal monotheistic Deity creates a world outside himself, in opposition of a prior attitude toward the divine as expressed directly in the natural world.  And it comes from the Greeks.  This “Anthropocentrism”, this alienation from the natural world, comes from biblical, Christian, Western humanist sources, with the deepest roots of the pathology being the ethos of “man having dominion over nature and subduing it- along with most of its peoples.

 

With the “Scientific Revolution” and the unlocking of some of Nature’s mysteries, nature became to be seen as a machine, devoid of mystery or divinity, it’s component parts could be dammed, extracted and remade with impunity.  Nature still sometimes appeared as a woman, but one easily dominated and subdued.  The highly influential Sir Francis Bacon put it this way in 1623:

 

[nature is to] be put in constraint, molded, and made new by art and the hand of man.”

 

 

 

Some other basic principles coming from Native American-Tribal-First peoples: peoples who were largely killed, decimated, dispossessed.  This I call the WORLD WE HAVE LOST! yet ALL WE MIGHT HAVE GAINED  ie. had the Europeans, and then “Americans” appreciated, respected, indeed celebrated them and their moral, environmental ethos, learned from them and followed their lead, we could and would have gained immensely!

 

Yes, it’s been largely LOST, to rapacious destruction, selfish greed, attitudinal non-valuing, non loving, and non caring, 

 

But it wasn’t All lost!  Much has remained-survived and has and can guide and inspire us more and more today. 

 

   Native ethos says, “The more we divorce ourselves from nature, the more we permit the natural world to die, in ways such as to be exploited and polluted by corporations for profit, and the more we become estranged from the grace in the world, from the essence of life, from the realization that all life is sacred, full of awe and wonder. 

And this arrogant defiance of nature, connection to the natural community, will kill us—emotionally, spiritually, and physically.

 

Earth weep

From John Hollow Horn (1932)

 

Some day the Earth will weep,

She will beg for her life,

She will cry with tears of blood

You will make a choice,

If you will help her

Or let her die, and

When She dies,

You too will die.

 

As early as the 1500s, a  Maya prophet wrote

 

             Alas, we were saddened because they came.

             They came to make our flowers wither

               So that only their flower might life.”

 

From a Pima Indian song come the words:

 

Weep my unfortunate people!

   All this you will see take place

Weep my unfortunate people!

   For the waters will overwhelm the land.

 

Powhattan said (1609)

 

Not a man of two generations is alive now

   But myself.

I know the difference between peace and war

   better than anyone

Why should you take by force that which from us

   You can have from love?

What can you get by war?

 

Ojibway Prayer for healing

 

Grandfather

Look at our brokenness

 

We know that in all creation

Only the human family

Has strayed from the Sacred Way

 

We know that we are the ones

Who are divided

 

And we are the ones

Who must come back together

To walk in the Sacred Way

 

Teach us love, compassion and honor.

 

That we may heal the earth

And heal each other.

 

 

 

Part of what we’ve basically lost, lost for the bulk of Americans, has not been lost to everyone, not to such prominent Native leaders, oracles and traditionalists like Ohiyesa, John Mohawk, Chief Oren Lyons, Winnona La Duke who ran for vice president in the 2004 election-----Wayne Newell (Passamaquoddy elder), Paula Gunn Allen ----and non native students of long ago like Henri Rousseau, Henry D. Thoreau and Ralph W. Emerson, John Muir, John Storer etc., and today’s Carolyn Merchant, Wendell Berry, Matthew Fox, Starhawk, Frederick Turner, Terry Tempest Williams, Bill Mckibbin, Thomas Berry, and many more.

 

Think of the likes of these folks and those like them, “fellow travelers” .....at the helm of moral and political leadership in the USA, rather than of the corrupt and hopeless mix of exploitative, rapacious profiteers, war makers and war profiteers and earth mutilators we have today!

 

   It seems to me that the best we can do now is decry the criminal desecration, the attacks on the environment, the planet and most of its peoples, and then resist them …. build movements to incorporate this new ethos, be ready to stand up, speak out, engage in resistance, even “direct action,”

 

These good Indian & non-Indian folks, with the native-based INSPIRATION GUIDES they have for us today, are helping us build a growing new country and world and are our, and our children’s, hope for the present and the future.

 

 

Ps.  And hey!  Since I [may] have your attention here... we need to take a stand: - declare and speak out against the current wars, in Afghanistan & Iraq.  It is what love, peace, and decency WOULD DEMAND!